contraceptives have been around for thousands of years. and until the last century or so, people were having more kids because of 1) less effective contraception and 2) higher childhood mortality rate. and 3) large families were more practical.
And for a while, contraception was illegal here. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_control_in_the_United_States
Reusable Condom: http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/images/I059/10325331.aspx Just consider that it was that long ago that things like this were still in common use as the leading form of contraception & protection from STDs.