they are easy enough to make, whips. Why not buy one? you can get them cheap, sometimes with lingerie sets too or play sets for the bedroom.
Rope, rubber tubing, extension cords, switches, speaker wire, belts, clothes hangers, etc. The plastic rod that opens blinds is a particularly nasty burn.
Make a 'Birch' - just cut some straightish hazel twigs around 2'6"" long and tie them together at the thick end, by whipping some twine around them - and Presto! The most painful implement you could hope for, or sensual, if used gently
As I'm sure you know there are good many varieties of whips and crops. Have an old velvet piece of clothing that you don't wear anymore? Cut out an elongated triangle and staple it to a handle and you've got a Dragontail Whip. But that's if you aren't looking for something as harsh as a belt, which itself is a good implement but a little to harsh for my liking. A home made riding crop is easy to make and I'm sure you can use your imagination to construct your own. Really the only limit to what you can make or substitute is your imagination and spare materials. I know there are a great deal of websites that have much better ideas than I do.
I agree on the belt option. And I am particularly fond of rattan canes, too, though they can be as expensive as a good crop.
A switch is an excellent substitute. Just cut a thin, whippy branch from a tree (willow trees in particular) and strip off all the leaves. Cut off anything sharp sticking out from the branch. The ideal switch is 4-5 feet long, and about the thickness of a pencil. Go easy with it at first, until you get the hang of it, and understand your limits. The spanker should never use full force; in other words, he/she should never draw his arm all the way back, using the shoulder to swing the switch. It's much better to use just a snap of the wrist. After you gain some experience with the switch, then the spanker could try using elbow movement as well as the wrist. But caution is recommended -- a switch can do damage, and cause welts. The spanker should also aim so that the tip of the switch strikes the flesh -- the tip is where the sting is! Switches are particulary effective on the backs of the thighs -- the biting sting is quite shocking!
I like thicker belts and straps with other women. Anything fun works from a high heel shoe to a tow strap out of the old man's truck. The fun is in the choosing and thinking outside the box lol. Or the pattern you want to leave on her backside lol
Electrical cable gives one of the worst punishments ever. Occasionally I’m subjected to it and it hurts so so bad.