U.K. (&Eire) Historical figures

In addition, in my opening piece I did say:-

So I think you owe Morrow an apology - or perhaps you should stand by your comments - which exhibits the calibre of character bring either hypocritical or ignorant (educationally):-

The spelling I think you are referring to, does not include a 'w'

 

Jack the Ripper.​

 

Lord Kitchener. Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener.​

 

William Shakespeare.​

 

From your own words: "Let’s celebrate the successful, famous (and sometimes infamous) people who have contributed to UK (and sometimes World-wide) history – with a name a short review:" -

It did not indicate that the 'famous' person HAD TO BE British by birth, merely that they "contributed to UK (and sometimes World-wide history)"

Each and every one of those I have chosen (Including Petr Kropotkin) contributed to both Uk and World-wide history !!!

 

Well, now you know, It does!.
So now that's clear - a short review is really more than a link to Wikipedia, for that is being lazy and does not show the degree of education that you wish to depict yourself of having:-

The k in UK should be a Capital letter,
Have you apologised to Morrow yet?

 

MOSLEY: (-Sir *6th Baronet) Oswald Ernald (16 Nov 1896 – 3 Dec 1980 (*inherited the title by virtue of his baronetcy, a title that had been in his family for centuries) (Mayfair, Westminster)
= British Fascist Leader, .
Rose to fame in the 1920’s as a British politician;(one of the youngest Members of Parliament), representing Harrow (1918-24), as a Conservative, then an independent, before joining the Labour Party, serving as MP and Chancellor of Duchy of Lancaster in Government.
At one time considered a potential Prime Minister but due to discord with the Government's unemployment policies he resigned and founded the ‘New Party’, which after meeting Mussolini became the BUF (British Union of Fascists) in 1932.
This came a private army, who subscribed to his proposals of economic revival based on protectionism and blame against “those damned Communists, Jews and Blacks”, it adopted many physically aggressive practices culminating with the infamous ‘Battle of Cable Street”.
The event that took place in Whitechapel, London when Oswald’s ‘Black shirt’ marching protesters clashed with various antifascists demonstrators (the majority of both marchers and counter-protesters travelled into the area for this purpose)
The main confrontation took place around Gardiner's Corner in Whitechapel, when an estimated 20,000 anti-fascist demonstrators were met by 6,000–7,000 policemen who attempted to clear the road to permit the march of 2,000–3,000 fascists to proceed
The fight with sticks, rocks and other improvised weapons saw a series of running battles. Mosley agreed to abandon the march to prevent bloodshed, the BUF marchers were dispersed towards Hyde Park instead while the anti-fascists rioted with police. About 150 demonstrators were arrested, although some escaped with the help of other demonstrators. Around 175 people were injured including police, women and children

In May 1940 he was imprisoned, and the BUF was banned.
He was released in1943 but politically disgraced because of his association with fascism.
Leaving England in 1951, he spent the majority of the remainder of his life in Paris before his death following sufferance from Parkinson’s disease
Regardless of his reputation, he paved the way for far-right organisations today, Professor Joanna Bourke, of Birkbeck College, London said of him "Mosley remains the inspiration for far-right groups in Britain and continues to have a pernicious impact on our society"

 

Queen Victoria.​

 

Members of my family took part in that battle !!!

 

Thomas Paine: Socialist, Philosopher, Author, Revolutionary. Born and lived in Lewes in East Sussex.

Author of the tome "The Rights of Man" on which both the French Revolution and the American Independence movements were based.

 

Sylvia Pankhurst: Revolutionary, Suffragette, Author. Was known by my Grandmother.

 

Hmm, - So what personal stories have you that you could share?
First hand experiences, or those handed down through the years, especially if they have been done so from family would provide an interesting insight to those wishing to learn and understand more

 

Similarly, - What personal stories have you that you could share?

First hand experiences, or those handed down through the years, especially if they have been done so from family would provide an interesting insight to those wishing to learn and understand more​

 

​

Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle KStJ DL was a British writer, who created the character Sherlock Holmes. Originally a physician, in 1887 he published A Study in Scarlet, the first of four novels and more than fifty short stories about Holmes and Dr. Watson.

 

I liked Challenger - and his "Lost World"

 

He may outlive this thread but I think that he deserves a mention.
​

Sir David Frederick Attenborough OM CH CVO CBE FRS FRSA FLS FZS FSA FRSGS (/ˈætənbrə/; born 8 May 1926)[2][3] is an English broadcaster and natural historian. He is best known for writing and presenting, in conjunction with the BBC Natural History Unit, the nine natural history documentary series forming the Life collection that together constitute a comprehensive survey of animal and plant life on Earth. He is a former senior manager at the BBC, having served as controller of BBC Two and director of programming for BBC Television in the 1960s and 1970s. He is the only person to have won BAFTAs for programmes in each of black and white, colour, HD, 3D and 4K.[4][5] In 2018 and 2019, he received Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Narrator.[6][7]

Attenborough is widely considered a national treasure in the UK, although he himself does not like the term.[8][9][10] In 2002, he was named among the 100 Greatest Britons following a UK-wide poll for the BBC.[11] He is the younger brother of the director, producer and actor Richard Attenborough, Baron Attenborough,[12] and older brother of the motor executive John Attenborough.

 

NEWTON: (Sir -Isaac) PRS (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1727) (Wools Thorpe- by-Colsterworth, Lincolnshire) Physicist, Mathematician, Astronomer, Theologian and Natural Philosopher. Originator of Universal gravitation, laws of classical mechanics and Laws of Motion. These views expressed through his writings within the book,” Principia” is one of the most influential works in the history of science.
He built the first practical reflecting telescope developing a sophisticated theory of colour, based on the observation that a prism separates White light into the colours of the visible spectrum.
He formulated an empirical law of cooling, made the first theoretical calculation of the speed of sound and introduced the notion of a Newtonian fluid
Along with his work on calculus, as a mathematician he contributed to the study of power series developing a methodology for approximating the roots of a function, and classified most of the cubic plane curves
He was a fellow of Trinity College and second Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University
Known primarily through the tale of the apple tree
and from a Safety campaign on UK TV: -
"Sir Isaac Newton told us why, an apple fell down from the sky, and from this fact, it's very plain, all other objects do the same, A brick, a bolt, a bar, a cup, invariably fall down, not up...."

His own version of the event surrounding the theory went along this muse: -
"Why should that apple always descend perpendicularly to the ground? - why should it not go sideways, or upwards? but constantly to the earths centre? Assuredly, the reason is, that the earth draws it. there must be a drawing power in matter”” The sum of the drawing power in the matter of the earth must be in the earths centre, not in any side of the Earth therefore does this apple fall perpendicularly, or toward the centre? If matter thus draws matter; it must be in proportion of its quantity – therefore, the apple draws the earth, as well as the earth draws the apple" – which is probably more technical but less melodic
His was buried in Westminster Abbey
.
Newton statue on display at the Oxford University - Museum of Natural History

 

PEEL: (-Sir Robert) 2nd Baronet, Bt FRS (5 Feb 1788–2 Jul 1850) (Bury, Lancashire)

British Conservative statesman UK Prime Minister (1834–35,1841–46) Home Secretary (1822–27,1828–30).
It is in this role, where upon his legacy stands.
In his first term he reformed and liberalised the criminal law and created the modern police force, leading to a new type of officer known in tribute to him as the "Peelers" and; the more commonly used title -Bobbies”.
-
Initially unpopular at first, they were very successful in cutting crime in London, and by 1857 all cities in Britain were obliged to form their own police forces. He developed the Peelian Principles which defined the ethical requirements police officers must follow to be effective. In 1829, when setting forth the principles of policing a democracy, Sir Robert Peel declared: "The Police are the Public and the Public are the Police"
He is regarded as the father of the modern British Police Force.
In 1843 Peel was the target of a failed assassination attempt; a criminally insane Scottish wood turner (David M’Naghten) who had stalked him for several days. M’Naghten mistakenly ended up killing Peel's personal secretary Edward Drummond, which when the matter went to trial, saw the first case of the criminal defense of insanity being used.
The son of a wealthy textile-manufacturer and politician, Peel was the first prime minister from an industrial business background.
Becoming Prime Minister in November 1834, he issued a manifesto that laid down the principles which evolved into that which the modern British Conservative Party is based
In his second term as PM, he cut tariffs to stimulate trade, and played a central role in making free trade a reality along with setting up a modern banking system.
His government's major legislation included the Mines and Collieries Act 1842, the Income Tax Act 1842, the Factories Act 1844 and the Railway Regulation Act 1844
He remained a prominent figure in politics until his death in 1850, following a riding accident.
The horse stumbled on top of him, and he died three days later on 2 July at the age of 62.

 

Henry Robert Hall, CBE (2 May 1898 – 28 October 1989) was an English bandleader who performed regularly on BBC Radio during the British dance band era of the 1920s and 1930s, through to the 1960s.
Henry Hall (bandleader) - Wikipedia​

 

NIGHTINGALE: (Florence) Royal Red Cross (1883), Lady of Grace of the Order of St John (LGStJ) (1904), Order of Merit (1907) (12th May 1820-13th Aug 1910) (Tuscany-Italy*Moved to UK aged 1 year old) (=Albeit born in Italy, the family moved back to England in 1821. She was brought up in the family's homes at Hampshire and then Derbyshire.
.In 1847, she met Sidney Herbert, a politician who became Secretary of War again during the Crimean War - He and his wife would be instrumental in facilitating Nightingale's nursing work in the Crimea and where she is most famously notable.
On 21 October 1854, she and the staff of 38 women volunteer nurses she had trained, and 15 Catholic nuns were sent (under the authorization of Herbert) to the Ottoman empire There were deployed in November 1854 at Selimive Barracks in Scutari where they found poor care for wounded soldiers delivered by overworked medical staff in the face of official indifference. Medicines were in short supply, hygiene neglected, mass/fatal infections common, with no equipment to process food for the patients.
After Nightingale sent a plea to British Newspaper ‘The Times’ for a government solution to the poor condition of the facilities, they commissioned Isambard Kingdom Brunel to design a prefabricated hospital that could be built in England and shipped to the Dardanelles. The result was Renkioi Hospital; a civilian facility that, under the management of Dr Edmund Parkes, had a death rate less than 1/10th that of Scutari.
Nightingale gained the nickname "The Lady with the Lamp" from a phrase used in ‘The Times’: - “She is a ministering angel without any exaggeration in these hospitals, and as her slender form glides quietly along each corridor, every poor fellow's face softens with gratitude at the sight of her. When all the medical officers have retired for the night and silence and darkness have settled down upon those miles of prostrate sick, she may be observed alone, with a little lamp in her hand, making her solitary rounds”
She was the first woman to hold the Order of Merit and the first to appear on a UK banknote. A national treasure before she was 40, her pioneering work in tending to British troops earned her the thanks of a grateful nation. Monies raised in appreciation (£45,000) funded her nurses’ training school at London’s St Thomas’s Hospital, and from there her influence and principles spread worldwide.
Despite her own ill-health she devoted the rest of her long life to improving sanitation and health care, although not without a reputation for bossiness (these days viewed as assertiveness).
Her book ‘Notes on Nursing’ (1859) served as the cornerstone of the curriculum at the Nightingale and other nursing schools, though it was written specifically for the education of those nursing at home.
She wrote, "Every day sanitary knowledge, or the knowledge of nursing, or in other words, of how to put the constitution in such a state as that it will have no disease, or that it can recover from disease, takes a higher place. It is recognised as the knowledge which every ne ought to have – distinct from medical knowledge, which only a profession can have". The book has, inevitably, its place in the history of nursing, for it was written by the founder of modern nursing.
In the 1870s, Nightingale mentored Linda Richard "America's first trained nurse", enabling her to return to the United States with adequate training and knowledge to establish high-quality nursing schools and by 1882, several Nightingale nurses had become matrons at several leading hospitals. In 1883,
She became the first recipient of the Royal Red Cross. In 1904, appointed a Lady of Grace of St. John, In 1907, the first woman to be awarded the Order of Merit, In 1908, Honorary Freedom of the City London with her birthday celebrated as International CFS Awareness Day
From 1857 onwards, she was intermittently bedridden and suffered from depression. During these years, she continued her pioneering work in the field of hospital planning.
At the age of 90, she died peacefully in her sleep in her room. The offer of burial in Westminster Abbey was declined by her relatives and she is buried in the graveyard at St Margaret's Church in Hampshire.
The Nightingale Pledge is a modified version of the Hippocratic Oath which nurses recite at the end of training. Created in 1893 and named after Nightingale as the founder of modern nursing, the pledge is a statement of the ethics and principles of the nursing profession