Duality exists as as the balance, dependent upon itself to exist. But as neither force can exist without the other, they are one. Only humans seperate reality into bad and good.
How about animals? They obviously have a sense of what they like and what they don't, even if it isn't thought out in abstract language as in the case of humans.
There is no proof of that animals associate things as bad or good, but rather as pleasing or painful. That is one aspect where animals and humans differ evolutionarily. Humans take these base feelings and use abstract thought to analyze them, thus confusing the situation even more.
The duality is cleary there in animals then. Whether or not is is mentalized, it is still the duality between pleasure and pain.
so, i suppose the question we are asking is: does duality arise out of thought or experience?(-and-)do animals have enough thought power to remember the difference between pleasure and pain? i think we can agree on an answer to the second question.....right?
I'd say it comes from sense experience, and the reaction of various levels of the being to such experience. Many mystics seem to have the idea that the world is an illusion and only the Oneness is real. My own view is that both are real. However, that's not to say mental illusion doesn't exist. It certainly does. But I think it arises because we don't experience the world directly as it is, but mediated via the whole instinctual, feeling and thinking nature. Of course, that implies something in us which is higher than mind.
i'd say duality arises out of nothing other then the illusion some people have somehow aquired that they gain something desirable to them by coercing and manipulating others. we each have individual preferences, but they are a matter of degree rather then in any sense true opposites. i'm not saying there can't be such a thing, but even extreme differences don't automatically equate to conflict. i will say though, that i've observed no requirement for there to have to be. at all. =^^= .../\...