The U.S got involved in Vietnam to stop the spread of Communism in South East Asia. How could the U.S had done this without sending U.S troops there to fight North Vietnam? What were some non war alternatives to stopping the spread of Communism over there?
what we called communism was actually anti-colonialist nationalism. Vietnam allied itself with whichever super-power could help it in its independence movement. the US was in effect simply trying to replace French colonial domination of Vietnam with US economic & military domination, which was doomed to fail from the start, and which is exactly what happened. The giant blind spot of all US foreign policy from the end of World War 2 to the end of the cold war was that we saw everything as a grand chess game between the US and the USSR, between the CIA and the KGB. Throughout Asia, Africa and Latin America from the 1940s to the 1970s those areas of the world that had been dominated & exploited for centuries by European colonial powers were bursting at the seams for independence and self-rule. The US (and Britain & France) were fighting to block those Third World countries from self-rule & independence all because we were paranoid that they might ally themselves with our enemy Russia. Of course, Russia was busy doing the exact same thing to the countries of eastern Europe. Even today, Vietnam's biggest challenge is trying to stop being dominated by China, another giant colonial power trying to dominate southeast Asia the exact same way Russia tried to control eastern Europe for decades.