Phenethylamines And Cancer

After the only person I've met that has done/heard of 2C-E got cancer, i have been wondering if there is a connection? as many 'safe' chemicals in the past, have been known to do years after initial contact. I stumbled upon an interesting article fellow enthusiast will probably want to see:

Newsletter of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies
MAPS - Volume 4 Number 1 Spring 1993

Phenethylamines, Free Radicals, and Antioxidants
Brian Leibovitz, Ph.D.

This information is for those who experiment with phenethylamines as well as those with patients who use these compounds. Phenethylamines are a class of compounds chemically, and functionally, related to adrenaline -- the fight or flight neurotransmitter made from the amino acid tyrosine. Phenethylamines all contain a benzene (C6H6) ring linked to an ethylamine (-CH2-CH2-NH2) group, and include: amphetamine (a stimulant), ephedrine (a naturally-occurring decongestant), and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, a psychotherapeutic agent that facilitates communication).

Studies in the last few years have established that phenethylamines can undergo redox cycling, a ping pong-like process that liberates copious quantities of oxygen free radicals. Free radicals are substances with extra, unpaired electrons, whose characteristic is reactivity, and whose hallmark is cell biochemical and cellular damage. Indeed, oxygen radicals are linked to a wide variety of diseases and conditions, including: heart disease, stroke, cancer, emphysema, and neurologic disorders. While our body has mechanisms to protect against the steady-state levels of radicals, excessive amounts overwhelm the protective systems and damage ensues.2 Incidentally, free radicals are not always the bad guys; our white blood cells produce, and use, free radicals as the primary means of killing bacteria, viruses, and other microbial invaders.

Phenethylamines are stored in highest concentrations in the brain and nervous system. Not surprisingly, these tissues are at the greatest risk for being harmed by free radicals (and associated oxidants) formed during the redox cycling of phenethylamines. Moderate intakes appear to be handled well. Excessive quantities of phenethylamines, however, may cause oxidative damage as the protective mechanisms just can t handle the load. It is the overproduction of radicals that causes, in large part, the fatigue and mental dysfunction associated with sustained amphetamine abuse.

The key, as always, is protection, and knowing the mechanism of action can only yield one conclusion: those who take phenethylamines should also take antioxidant supplements. All phenethylamines are prooxidants by nature, and can redox cycle. This means that there will be a dose-dependent increase in free radical production, so even at a low dose there will be free radical generation to some extent. Therefore, if one takes phenethylamines, it would be prudent to take supplemental antioxidants as well. This includes both the water-soluble (e.g., vitamin C and glutathione) as well as fat-soluble (e.g., vitamin E) antioxidants. Other important antioxidants include: selenium (the coordinating mineral for the enzyme glutathione peroxidase) and beta-carotene (a quencher of singlet oxygen - - a non-radical form of activated oxygen). Bioflavonoids are also indicated, not only for their direct antioxidant effects, but because they are good metal- chelating agents (and so prevent iron from catalyzing reactions that generate free radicals). Studies in both animals and (to a lesser extent) humans document the protective effects of antioxidants against the radical-mediated, untoward side-effects of phenethylamines.

I suggest that the combination of vitamins, minerals, and non-vitamin nutrients listed in Table 1 would be valuable for the prevention and/or treatment of the adverse effects that may result from phenethylamine overdose or overuse. There is nothing magic about the doses listed; it is my best estimate based on present knowledge in nutrition. Note that N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is recommended instead of glutathione as it is more effective in raising tissue glutathione levels; in addition, it is less expensive than preformed glutathione. L-Carnitine and CoQ10 have also been included, as both are known to increase cellular energy (adenosine triphosphate, or ATP) generation, thereby enhancing cellular integrity.

The bottom line is that, by using an appropriate combination of antioxidants and other nutritional supplements, one can ameliorate the prooxidant, and potentially harmful, side-effects of high-dose phenethylamines.

I would also like to mention my new journal, The Journal of Optimal Nutrition (JON). JON's focus is on supplements of macronutrients and micronutrients for the prevention and treatment of disease as well as for the maintenance of optimal health. An enormous, and ever-increasing, volume of data supports the concept that increased dietary levels of nutritional factors are effective against a wide variety of ailments.

JON is the first journal specifically dedicated to the study of optimal nutrition -- and to the most crucial question of modern nutrition: the elucidation of optimal nutrient intakes. JON's Editorial Board includes Drs.: Linus Pauling, Jeffrey Blumberg, Mohsen Meydani, Karl Folkers, Mark Levine, Richard Kreider, and many (75+) other distinguished nutritional scientists and physicians. JON is published quarterly; the subscription rate is $75 per year ($25 for students). For more information, contact: Jennifer Ann Mueller, Managing Editor, The Journal of Optimal Nutrition, 2552 Regis Dr., Davis, CA 95616. Phone (916) 756-3311. Fax (916) 758-7444.

References
Marx JL. Oxygen free radicals linked to many diseases. Science 235: 529-31, 1987.

Bindoli A, Rigobello MP, Deeble DJ. Biochemical and toxicological properties of the oxidation products of catecholamines. Free Radical Biol & Med 13: 391-405, 1992.

Caldwell J. (editor) Amphetamines and related stimulants: chemical, biological, clinical, and sociological aspects. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL , 1980.

Wagner GC, Carelli RM, Jarvis MF. Ascorbic acid reduces the dopamine depletion induced by methamphetamine and the 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium ion. Neuropharmacology 25: 559-61, 1986.

Wagner G, Carelli R, Jarvis M. Pretreatment with ascorbic acid attenuates the neurotoxic effects of methamphetamine in rats. Res Comm Chem Path Pharm 47: 221-8, 1985.

Article Link: http://www.maps.org/news-letters/v04n1/04134pea.html
[Check it out, has a chart of antioxidant/dose recommendation.

Opinions?
Important noteThis is not meant to be a scare-mongering or "all drgz r bad 4 killz u" type topic. This is the share important research in a feild that is unknown territory. I feel that everyone should be offered this information, as it was very hard for me to find, even after extensive Phenethylamines/Tryptamine research over the past years.

 

^ I believe thats a very heavy piece of WHO GIVES A FUCK!!!!

Sugar gives you diabetes -diabetes and cancer are brothers.. Scientists are searching aggressively for a link between diabetes and cancer; more than a dozen studies have been published in the past 3 years. While most explored the relationships between type II diabetes and pancreatic cancer, the studies also found associations between diabetes and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and colorectal, prostate, endometrial, liver, breast, and renal cell cancers.
The strongest hypothesis to explain why diabetes might increase the risk for certain cancers revolves around hyperinsulinemia, the high blood levels of insulin characteristic of diabetes. "From animal studies we know that high insulin levels can directly promote tumor growth," said Frank Hu, M.D., assistant professor of nutrition at the Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston.

Everything in this world lives and dies, only this society manipulated all illness to make buck on them..
Studies show that steps kill more people than flat ground, Mayan build steps to defy death or to take death a step further..

 

Official note:This is not meant to be a scare-mongering or "all drgz r bad 4 killz u" type topic.

I am not directly saying it does cause cancer or anything. It just immediately struck me as strange the one person i know of that has sampled the stuff, coincidentally or not, has gotten cervical cancer.

And considering this young and 'un-researched' field, what shreds of information we can get from legitimate sources such as MAPS, should be offered to the public, and this is a message board we're the goal is to spread information, no?

Just trying to help, maybe someone will find it interesting to know eating a few blueberries might help you live a longer life; unless your just one of those people who trips to hide from this world, in that case, good luck!

 

I understand.. no offense, carry on.
Im am to curious though at what shape was subject of study?
Dont sit around consuming 2ce chems, to pull these from nature take lots of skills. to make mdma from scratch ist alot of work, but its precursor is already a supposed carcinogen. but what in life isnt. Bullets made of lead and kill you, Lead can kill you, It can protect you from harmful radiation, and it to can cause cancer..
I see that one day rcs will be just like coca cola someday and sold in convenience stores.. might as well have the same warning as asprin on it..

 

yes. maintaining a overall heathy lifestyle and not being a lay around piecee of shit.. Is the best illness prevention..

 

i've read about free radicals with amphetamine [alpha-methylPhenethylamine] but found no substantiation about any of the non "stimulant" PEA's... not to say it isn't possible, but they say that sugar also stimulates free radicals.

point being that it seems speculative, and anti oxidents are good for anybody who wants to get old anyway. eace:

 

Everything gives you cancer these days. If I'm gonna go that way, I'm gonna go out trippin' balls

 

good fucking plan. If i get cancer, i'll know when i can REALLY start behaving recklessly

 

cancer prevention begins with the body, but its the spirit that allows the cancers to consume us. If you get cancer there is treatments, some more radical than others, its up to you to get better- eat right maintain the prescriptive guidelines the professional physician of your choice gives you, be aggressive in physical therapy and live.. at least you gave it your best shot.. '

 

I think people would be noticing by now if 2C-E caused cancer. And if phenethylamines in general did, I think Shulgin would have died long ago.

That said, something like 99% of cervical cancer is caused by HPV.

Tell your friend to get some of this: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genistein#Cancer_links

And Carrageenan.
ref: http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20060804/algae_cancer_060804?s_name=&no_ads=,

 

Thanks fo r the input everyone.

Thats true, and thanks for bringing that up. Though to play devil advocate, think about this;

If you take any other chemical/medicine, there is a chance of side effects from nausea-despression-heart problems-and many other long term effect aswell, yet not everyone who takes the medicine gets those symptoms, and the medicine actually helps, yet a small percentage get negative side-effects/body problems, couldn't this apply to our situation? Thoughts?

And considering a VERY small percentage of the world experiments with RC's, and most doctors don't even know about them yet, i would think if a small percentage would develop cancer, it wouldn't come back here because of the multitude of things that cause cancer, plus the victims newly acquired schedule. Take for example my friend, she hasn't even thought that it could of been 2C-E that caused it, because she took it at a rave, without proper information of what it was. It was just another substance to her, while this is sad, we can not deny that it will/has happend and there will always be people who will take advantage of this scene.

Mostly, i don't want my friends to expierment with these and have this happen to them, i couldn't live with myself if anything happend to them. This is why im curious.

 

i think this was a great post OP. i don't know why everyone's ragging on you about it. maybe they don't wanna hear the truth?

i think the point is to take vitamin c and vitamin e before and after dosing PEAs
and maybe limit the overall number of times you are gonna consume them

i actually have this page bookmarked. i've been taking vitamin c before and after 2ce, but forgot to get fat soluble vitamin K which is probably more important since your brain is made of mainly lipids

 

You would like the post .

I think it's interesting to an extent, but strongly agree with the general consensus here.
Just about everything causes cancer...literally.
Why don't you take precautions with your microwave?
Your laptop can give you cancer for fuck's sake...should I put a lead jacket on my lap if I have my laptop there?
Most of us are well aware that the things we do could kill us, especially if recklessness is involved.
So, in the end who gives a fuck if PEAs are possibly cancerous? I smoke cigarettes lol.

 

I <3 trichloroethane...

 

Ha, thanks. I think most people would like to pretend this side of RC's don't exsist, but it is possible.

Something i also gained from this was toxicity level & dosage.
From what i read, basically, the higher the dose, the more toxic it could be. So people dosing 100mg+ of phens/trypts to experiment with effects in the higher range could be causing more damage, so this could provide a 'less is more' concept to RC's. I've read of some people dosing this high, and reporting anything from similar effects of low doses to extreme spiritual experiences, but likewise, i've seen people have spiritual experiences on common/lower dosage as well. So it seems to me i'll be trying to find the lowest milligram possible, with breakthrough effects as my next research goal. Though most RC's seem to be dose & person dependent, so i wont draw a common consensus, but at least maybe some will apply this to themselves.

And its not just about getting old! but feeling awesome while you get there. My 67 year old grandmother still rides bikes, kayaks, and ski's and we both solidly believe it was her intake of the correct vitamins, herbs, and organic foods that lead her to do so. I dunno about you, but i don't want to sit in a old folk home after 60. And i dont think many of the kids here understand much about age anyway. You get to 40-50-60 and you still have that same person in your head talking the same nonsense ya did at 16. Yet your in a wheel chair!

So, here is a list of foods/drinks high in antioxidants, try and eat these after you trip, even if you don't believe in this mumbo-jumbo, they are good for you regardless!

1. Fruits

Berries (Cherry, blackberry, strawberry, raspberry, crowberry, blueberry, bilberry/wild blueberry, black currant), pomegranate, grape, orange, plum, pineapple, kiwi fruit, grapefruit.

2. Vegetables

Kale, chili pepper, red cabbage, peppers, parsley, artichoke, Brussels sprouts, spinach, lemon, ginger, red beets.

3. Dry Fruits high in antioxidants

Apricots, prunes, dates.

4. Legumes

Broad beans, pinto beans, soybeans.

5. Nuts and seeds

Pecans, walnuts, hazelnuts, ground nut, sunflower seeds.

6. Cereals

Barley, millet, oats, corn.

7. Spices
cloves, cinnamon, oregano

 

^ this is wise to eat right any ways.. the sleeping part, ??? well I aint got no answer for that..

 

Lol, what sleep part?
And holy shiz. Your post count is flabbergasting.

 

i don't put my laptop on my lap...or smoke cigs

and it for the same reason that i don't dose 2ce any higher than 25 mg

 

8more.. 34k.. woot..

 

Lil random, but what's the highest dose of L you would currently be willing to attempt?